What is the Smallest Three-Quarter Groove Axe?	by David A. Easterla, Ph. D.,
Central States Archaeological Societies 2020 January Journal	Maryville, Missouri

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Above: Figures 1 and 2. Face and obverse face views of the tiny three-quarter groove hematite axe.

Size has always been a factor in evaluating an artifact. Although colors, manufacturing quality, type, providence, etc. are also important criteria, questions concerning largest, longest, shortest and smallest always seem to be asked.

The author has in his collection a tiny threequarter groove hematite axe that measures 1 ¾”(L) X 1 1/8” (W) X 11/16” (thick) and weighs 1.7 ounces (Figs. 1,2). It was found on a farm near Smithton, Pettis County, Missouri, by Agnes Hanover sometime between 1900-1940. The writer obtained the axe from one of her relatives during the 1980s. Was this axe a toy? If so, it is a good replica.

It is probably more realistic to believe that it was probably used as a hatchet for protection and chopping, as it could be carried easily for a great distance. Regular sized axes would be heavier and be a hindrance for long travel.

The axe has faint bit chop marks and has been resharpened. The author has seen smaller axes, but all were contemporary. Regardless, this tiny axe goes on record with its dimensions.

 

Read other great columns in the Central States Archaeological Societies 2020 January Journal which can be purchased on-line after March 2020